Hajoale, ho na le lits'ebetso tse ngata tsa tlhahiso bakeng sa meaho ea thepa e kopaneng, e ka sebelisoang ho hlahisa le ho etsa meaho e fapaneng.Leha ho le joalo, ha ho nahanoa ka katleho ea tlhahiso ea indasteri le litšenyehelo tsa tlhahiso ea indasteri ea lifofane, haholo-holo lifofane tsa sechaba, ho potlakile ho ntlafatsa mokhoa oa ho phekola ho fokotsa nako le litšenyehelo.Rapid Prototyping ke mokhoa o mocha oa tlhahiso o ipapisitseng le melaoana ea ho etsa sebopeho se sa tsitsang le se pakiloeng, e leng theknoloji e theko e tlase e potlakileng ea prototyping.Mahlale a tloaelehileng a kenyelletsa ho bopa ha compression, ho etsa mokelikeli, le ho etsa thepa ea thermoplastic composite.
1. Hlobo e hatella theknoloji ea prototyping ka potlako
Theknoloji e potlakileng ea prototyping ea ho bopa ke ts'ebetso e behang likheo tsa prepreg ka har'a hlobo ea ho bopa, 'me ka mor'a hore hlobo e koetsoe, likheo li kopanngoa le ho tiisoa ka ho futhumatsa le khatello.Lebelo la ho bopa le potlakile, boholo ba sehlahisoa bo nepahetse, 'me boleng ba ho bopa bo tsitsitse ebile bo tšoana.Ha e kopantsoe le theknoloji ea othomathike, e ka fihlela tlhahiso ea bongata, boiketsetso, le tlhahiso e theko e tlase ea likarolo tsa sebopeho sa carbon fiber lebaleng la lifofane tsa lehae.
Mehato ea ho bopa:
① Fumana hlobo ea tšepe e matla haholo e lumellanang le litekanyo tsa likarolo tse hlokahalang bakeng sa tlhahiso, ebe o kenya hlobo ka har'a mochini oa khatiso ebe o e futhumatsa.
② Etsa esale pele lisebelisoa tse hlokahalang tsa motsoako ka sebōpeho sa hlobo.Preforming ke mohato oa bohlokoa o thusang ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea likarolo tse felileng.
③ Kenya likarolo tse entsoeng esale pele ka har'a hlobo e futhumetseng.Ebe u hatella hlobo ka khatello e phahameng haholo, hangata ho tloha ho 800psi ho ea ho 2000psi (ho itšetlehile ka botenya ba karolo le mofuta oa thepa e sebelisoang).
④ Ka mor'a ho lokolla khatello, tlosa karolo ho hlobo 'me u tlose li-burrs leha e le life.
Melemo ea ho bopa:
Ka mabaka a sa tšoaneng, ho bōpa ke theknoloji e ratoang haholo.Lebaka le leng la hore na ke hobane'ng ha e tumme ke hobane e sebelisa lisebelisoa tse tsoetseng pele tsa motsoako.Ha ho bapisoa le likarolo tsa tšepe, lisebelisoa tsena hangata li matla, li bobebe, 'me ha li rusoe, e leng se etsang hore ho be le lintho tse nang le mekhoa e metle ea mechine.
Molemo o mong oa ho bōpa ke bokhoni ba eona ba ho etsa likarolo tse rarahaneng haholo.Le hoja theknoloji ena e ke ke ea finyella ka botlalo lebelo la tlhahiso ea ho bopa ente ea polasetiki, e fana ka libopeho tse ngata tsa geometri ha li bapisoa le lisebelisoa tse tloaelehileng tsa laminated composite.Ha ho bapisoa le ho bopa ente ea polasetiki, e boetse e lumella likhoele tse telele, ho etsa hore thepa e be matla.Ka hona, ho bopa ho ka bonoa e le sebaka se bohareng pakeng tsa ho bopa ente ea polasetiki le tlhahiso ea thepa e entsoeng ka laminated.
1.1 Ts'ebetso ea ho theha SMC
SMC ke khutsufatso bakeng sa lakane tšepe etsa thepa composite, ke hore, lakane tšepe etsa thepa e kopanyang.Lisebelisoa tsa mantlha tse tala li entsoe ka khoele e khethehileng ea SMC, resin e sa tsitsang, li-additives tse tlase tsa shrinkage, li-filler le li-additives tse fapaneng.Mathoasong a lilemo tsa bo-1960, e ile ea qala ho hlaha Europe.Hoo e ka bang ka 1965, United States le Japane li ile tsa ntšetsa pele theknoloji ena ka ho latellana.Ho elella bofelong ba lilemo tsa bo-1980, Chaena e ile ea hlahisa mekhoa e tsoetseng pele ea tlhahiso ea SMC le mekhoa e tsoang linaheng tse ling.SMC e na le melemo e kang ts'ebetso e phahameng ea motlakase, ho hanyetsa kutu, boima bo bobebe, le moralo o bonolo le o bonolo oa boenjiniere.Thepa ea eona ea mochini e ka bapisoa le lisebelisoa tse itseng tsa tšepe, ka hona e sebelisoa haholo liindastering tse kang tsa lipalangoang, tsa kaho, tsa elektroniki le tsa boenjiniere ba motlakase.
1.2 Mokhoa oa ho theha BMC
Ka 1961, ho ile ha thakholoa motsoako oa "unsaturated resin sheet molding" (SMC) o entsoeng ke Bayer AG Jeremane.Lilemong tsa bo-1960, Bulk Molding Compound (BMC) e ile ea qala ho phahamisoa, e tsejoang hape ka hore ke DMC (Dough Molding Compound) Europe, e neng e sa teteane ka mekhahlelo ea eona ea pele (1950s);Ho ea ka tlhaloso ea Amerika, BMC ke BMC e teteaneng.Ka mor'a ho amohela theknoloji ea Europe, Japane e fihletse katleho e kholo ts'ebetsong le nts'etsopele ea BMC, 'me ka bo-1980, theknoloji e ne e se e hōlile haholo.Ho fihlela hajoale, matrix e sebelisitsoeng ho BMC e se e le resin ea polyester e sa sebetseng.
BMC ke ea polasetiki ea thermosetting.Ho ipapisitsoe le litšoaneleho tsa lintho tse bonahalang, mocheso oa moqomo oa thepa ea mochini oa ente ha oa lokela ho ba o phahameng haholo ho tsamaisa phallo ea thepa.Ka hona, ts'ebetsong ea ente ea BMC, ho laola mocheso oa moqomo oa thepa ke oa bohlokoa haholo, 'me tsamaiso ea taolo e tlameha ho ba teng ho netefatsa hore mocheso o nepahetse, e le ho finyella mocheso o nepahetseng ho tloha karolong ea ho fepa ho ea ho. nozzle.
1.3 Polycyclopentadiene (PDPPD) ea ho bōpa
Popo ea Polycyclopentadiene (PDCPD) hangata ke matrix a hloekileng ho fapana le polasetiki e matlafalitsoeng.Molao-motheo oa mokhoa oa ho bopa oa PDCPD, o hlahileng ka 1984, ke oa mofuta o tšoanang le oa polyurethane (PU), 'me o ile oa ntlafatsoa pele ke United States le Japane.
Telene, motlatsi oa k'hamphani ea Japane ea Zeon Corporation (e leng Bondues, Fora), e fihletse katleho e kholo lipatlisisong le nts'etsopele ea PDCPD le mesebetsi ea eona ea khoebo.
Ts'ebetso ea ho bopa ea RIM ka boeona e bonolo ho iketsetsa 'me e na le litšenyehelo tse tlase tsa basebetsi ha li bapisoa le lits'ebetso tse kang ho fafatsa ka FRP, RTM, kapa SMC.Theko ea hlobo e sebelisoang ke PDCPD RIM e tlase haholo ho feta ea SMC.Mohlala, hlobo ea enjene ea Kenworth W900L e sebelisa khetla ea nickel le konokono ea aluminium, e nang le resin e tlase e nang le matla a khoheli a 1.03 feela, e sa fokotseng litšenyehelo feela empa hape e fokotsa boima ba 'mele.
1.4 Tlhahiso e Otlolohileng ea Marang-rang ea Lisebelisuoa tse Matlafalitsoeng tsa Thermoplastic (LFT-D)
Hoo e ka bang ka 1990, LFT (Long Fiber Reinforced Thermoplastics Direct) e ile ea hlahisoa 'marakeng Europe le Amerika.Khamphani ea CPI e United States ke k'hamphani ea pele ea lefats'e ea ho hlahisa lisebelisoa tsa ho bopa tsa thermoplastic tse matlafalitsoeng ka mohala o otlolohileng le theknoloji e tsamaisanang le eona (LFT-D, Direct In Line Mixing).E kene ts'ebetsong ea khoebo ka 1991 mme ke moetapele oa lefats'e lefapheng lena.Diffenbarcher, k'hamphani ea Jeremane, e 'nile ea batlisisa thekenoloji ea LFT-D ho tloha 1989. Hona joale, ho na le haholo-holo LFT D, Tailored LFT (e ka finyellang matlafatso ea sebaka ka lebaka la khatello ea moralo), le Advanced Surface LFT-D (ka holimo ho bonahalang, holimo holimo. boleng) mahlale.Ho ea ka pono ea mohala oa tlhahiso, boemo ba mochine oa khatiso oa Diffenbarcher bo phahame haholo.Sistimi ea extrusion ea D-LFT ea k'hamphani ea Jeremane Coperation e maemong a etelletseng pele machabeng.
1.5 Mouldless Casting Manufacturing Technology (PCM)
PCM (Pattern less Casting Manufacturing) e hlahisoa ke Setsi sa Laser Rapid Prototyping sa Univesithi ea Tsinghua.Theknoloji e potlakileng ea prototyping e lokela ho sebelisoa mekhoeng ea setso ea ho lahla lehlabathe la resin.Ntlha ea pele, fumana mohlala oa CAD oa ho lahla ho tsoa karolong ea CAD.Faele ea STL ea mohlala oa CAD ea ho lahla e hlophisitsoe ho fumana lintlha tse fapaneng tsa profil, tse sebelisoang ho hlahisa tlhahisoleseling.Nakong ea ts'ebetso ea ho bopa, molomo oa pele o fafatsa sekhomaretsi lehlabatheng le leng le le leng ka taolo ea komporo, ha nozzle ea bobeli e fafatsa sekhomaretsi ka tsela e tšoanang.Tse peli li kena karabelo e tlamahano, ho tiisa lehlabathe ka lera le ho etsa qubu.Lehlabathe sebakeng seo sekhomaretsi le li-catalyst li sebetsang hammoho li tiisa hammoho, ha lehlabathe le libakeng tse ling le ntse le le boemong ba granular.Ka mor'a ho phekola lera le le leng, sekhahla se latelang se tlamahane, 'me ka mor'a hore lihlopha tsohle li kopane, ho fumanoa mokhatlo oa sebaka.Lehlabathe la pele e ntse e le lehlabathe le omileng libakeng tseo sekhomaretsi se sa fafatsoang ho sona, ho etsa hore ho be bonolo ho tlosa.Ka ho hloekisa lehlabathe le omeletseng le sa phekolehang bohareng, ho ka fumanoa hlobo ea ho lahla le botenya bo itseng ba lerako.Ka mor'a ho sebelisa kapa ho kenya pente karolong e ka hare ea hlobo ea lehlabathe, e ka sebelisoa bakeng sa ho tšela tšepe.
Mocheso o folisang oa ts'ebetso ea PCM hangata o pota 170 ℃.Ho beha serame le ho hlobolisa ho batang ho sebelisoang ts'ebetsong ea PCM ho fapane le ho bopa.Ho beha serame le ho hlobolisa ho bata ho kenyelletsa butle-butle ho beha prepreg holim'a hlobo ho latela litlhoko tsa sebopeho sa sehlahisoa ha hlobo e le qetellong e batang, ebe o koala hlobo ka mochine oa khatiso ka mor'a hore ho behoe ho phethoe ho fana ka khatello e itseng.Ka nako ena, hlobo e futhumatsoa ka mochini oa mocheso oa hlobo, Mokhoa o tloaelehileng ke ho phahamisa mocheso ho tloha mocheso oa kamore ho ea ho 170 ℃, mme sekhahla sa ho futhumatsa se hloka ho lokisoa ho latela lihlahisoa tse fapaneng.Boholo ba tsona li entsoe ka polasetiki ena.Ha mocheso oa hlobo o fihla mocheso o behiloeng, ho pata le ho boloka khatello ho etsoa ho phekola sehlahisoa ka mocheso o phahameng.Ka mor'a hore phekolo e phethiloe, ho boetse hoa hlokahala ho sebelisa mochine oa mocheso oa hlobo ho pholile mocheso oa hlobo ho mocheso o tloaelehileng, 'me tekanyo ea ho futhumatsa e boetse e behiloe ho 3-5 ℃ / min, Ebe u tsoela pele ka ho bula hlobo le ho ntša karolo.
2. Theknoloji ea ho etsa mokelikeli
Theknoloji ea ho etsa mokelikeli (LCM) e bua ka letoto la mahlale a ho etsa thepa a kopantsoeng a behang pele li-fiber tse omeletseng ka har'a sekoahelo sa hlobo se koetsoeng, ebe se kenya resin ea mokelikeli mokoting oa hlobo kamora ho koaloa ha hlobo.Ka tlas'a khatello, resin e phalla 'me e kolobisa likhoele.Ha ho bapisoa le mokhoa oa ho etsa mochine o chesang o chesang, LCM e na le melemo e mengata, e kang ho loketse likarolo tsa ho etsa lihlahisoa tse nang le ho nepahala ho phahameng le ponahalo e rarahaneng;Theko e tlase ea tlhahiso le ts'ebetso e bonolo.
Haholo-holo ts'ebetso ea khatello e phahameng ea RTM e ntlafalitsoeng lilemong tsa morao tjena, HP-RTM (High Pressure Resin Transfer Molding), e khutsufalitsoeng e le mokhoa oa ho bopa oa HP-RTM.E bua ka ts'ebetso ea ho sebelisa khatello e phahameng ea khatello ea ho kopanya le ho kenya resin ka har'a hlobo e tiisitsoeng ea vacuum e kentsoeng ka lisebelisoa tse matlafalitsoeng le lisebelisoa tse kentsoeng pele, ebe o fumana lihlahisoa tse kopaneng tsa thepa ka ho tlatsa phallo ea resin, ho kenella, ho folisa le ho theola. .Ka ho fokotsa nako ea ente, ho lebelletsoe ho laola nako ea tlhahiso ea likarolo tsa sebopeho sa sefofane nakong ea metsotso e mashome, ho fihlela lihlahisoa tse phahameng tsa fiber le ho etsa likarolo tse sebetsang hantle.
Ts'ebetso ea ho theha HP-RTM ke e 'ngoe ea mekhoa ea ho etsa thepa e kopaneng e sebelisoang haholo liindastering tse ngata.Melemo ea eona e na le monyetla oa ho finyella theko e tlaase, potoloho e khutšoanyane, tlhahiso ea bongata, le tlhahiso ea boleng bo phahameng (e nang le boleng bo botle ba holim'a metsi) ha e bapisoa le mekhoa e tloaelehileng ea RTM.E sebelisoa haholo liindastering tse fapaneng tse kang ho etsa likoloi, ho haha likepe, ho etsa lifofane, mechine ea temo, lipalangoang tsa terene, ho hlahisa matla a moea, thepa ea lipapali, joalo-joalo.
3. Thermoplastic composite lintho tse bonahalang ho etsa theknoloji
Lilemong tsa morao tjena, thepa e entsoeng ka thermoplastic e fetohile sebaka sa lipatlisiso lefapheng la tlhahiso ea thepa e kopantsoeng ka hare ho naha le linaheng tse ling, ka lebaka la melemo ea eona ea ho hanyetsa tšusumetso e matla, ho ba thata haholo, ho mamella tšenyo e phahameng, le ho hanyetsa mocheso o motle.Ho cheseletsa ka thepa ea motsoako oa thermoplastic ho ka fokotsa haholo palo ea likhokahano tsa rivet le bolt meahong ea lifofane, ho ntlafatsa haholo katleho ea tlhahiso le ho fokotsa litšenyehelo tsa tlhahiso.Ho ea ka Airframe Collins Aerospace, mofani oa thepa ea boemo ba pele ba meaho ea lifofane, meaho e sa chesehang e ka theha meaho e chesehang ea thermoplastic e na le monyetla oa ho khutsufatsa potoloho ea tlhahiso ka 80% ha e bapisoa le likarolo tse kopaneng tsa tšepe le thermosetting.
Tšebeliso ea lisebelisoa tse nepahetseng ka ho fetesisa, khetho ea ts'ebetso ea moruo haholo, ts'ebeliso ea lihlahisoa likarolong tse nepahetseng, phihlello ea lipheo tse reriloeng esale pele, le phihlello ea tekanyo e nepahetseng ea litšenyehelo tsa ts'ebetso ea lihlahisoa esale e le tataiso. ea boiteko bakeng sa basebetsi ba lintho tse ngata tse entsoeng.Ke lumela hore mekhoa e mengata ea ho bōpa e tla ntlafatsoa nakong e tlang ho finyella litlhoko tsa moralo oa tlhahiso.
Nako ea poso: Nov-21-2023
